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Reference Designs Endoscopy

Software-defined
endoscopy

An FPGA design, Holoscan operators, and a sample image-processing pipeline for real-time display. Connect a PCIe-based FPGA capture card to GPU imaging and AI, then extend the pipeline for your device.

Early access under NDAAnnounced at GTC Berlin · General availability in 2027

Planned Apache 2.0 Licensed Open Source releaseDesigned to be inspected, modified, and extended

HOLOSCAN / TOOL TRACKING EXAMPLE
Holoscan endoscopy example identifying a grasper and specimen bag in a laparoscopic video frame
Software example: endoscopy tool tracking
Image courtesy of CAMMA, IHU Strasbourg, and the University of Strasbourg
01 / INPUT

Start at the sensor

Connect MIPI camera streams to FPGA ingress, with a path into host or GPU memory for Holoscan processing.

02 / TIMING

Let the camera lead

Derive display timing from camera timing and set the processing budget for your imaging pipeline.

03 / FALLBACK

Keep a hardware path

Use an FPGA image signal processor to supply a live image when the host processing path is unavailable.

01 / CAMERA TO DISPLAY

One FPGA connects
input, output, and fallback

A PCIe-based FPGA capture card connects camera input and display output to the compute. Holoscan source and sink operators bring that I/O into your application graph, with a sample processing pipeline for real-time display.

EXPLORE THE IMAGE PATH
Endoscopy camera, FPGA I/O, Holoscan processing, and display Camera data enters the FPGA. The normal path sends frames over PCIe to Holoscan imaging and AI, then returns processed frames for camera-clocked display output. The fallback path uses the FPGA ISP and the same display output without host processing. FPGA CAPTURE CARD CAMERA-DERIVED CLOCK CAMERA FRAMES PROCESSED FRAMES Holoscan SDK GPU imaging · AI inference · compositing PCIe / HOST OR GPU MEMORY Framebuffer reader DEVICE-INITIATED FETCH Fallback ISP Hardware image processing Endoscope Camera streams Camera ingress MIPI CSI-2 Display output Line-by-line transmitter Display Live image
INPUTEndoscope → FPGA camera ingress
↓
PROCESS OVER PCIeHoloscan imaging + AI

GPU processing and compositing → framebuffer reader

HARDWARE FALLBACKFPGA image signal processor

A live image path independent of host processing

↓
CAMERA-CLOCKED OUTPUTFPGA transmitter → display

Holoscan processes the camera stream. The FPGA fetches the completed frames and transmits them on the camera-derived output clock.

Architecture illustration based on the endoscopy reference design. Switching views illustrates the two paths; it is not a measured failover demonstration.

Configure the camera

Adapt exposure, pixel format, frame geometry, and output delay through software configuration.

Process in Holoscan

Connect acquisition to CUDA image processing, model inference, and compositing in one application graph.

Return to the FPGA

Device-initiated frame reads put output timing under the FPGA’s control, with HDMI, DisplayPort, or SDI integration in the hardware design.

02 / A SHARED TIMEBASE

Camera timing
sets the cadence

Lock the output clock to the camera clock and choose a fixed processing budget between acquisition and display. The design avoids the extra buffering needed to reconcile independently running camera and display clocks.

Holoscan performs the image processing within that budget. The FPGA handles the scheduled frame read and line-by-line output.

CAPTURE → PROCESS → DISPLAY
Camera
F1F2F3F4
Holoscan
F1F2F3F4
Display
F1F2F3F4
One shared clockConfigurable frame budget
Illustrative frame timing, not a latency measurement

03 / HARDWARE-MANAGED FALLBACK

Design for
a live fallback image

The reference architecture retains camera ingress, an image signal processor, and camera-clocked display output in the FPGA. That path can continue producing an image without the Linux and Holoscan processing path.

01

Monitor the output

Check frame freshness and buffer state to detect missing, repeated, or stale host output.

02

Select the hardware path

Switch image processing to the FPGA ISP while retaining the camera-to-display timing path.

03

Validate in your system

Exercise fault conditions, verify the transition, and integrate the behavior into your product’s requirements and verification plan.

Start with
early access

The Holoscan Endoscopy Reference Design is announced at GTC Berlin, with early access available under NDA and general availability planned for 2027.

Contact your NVIDIA representative to discuss NDA early access to the reference design and code samples.

04 / BUILD YOUR IMAGING PIPELINE

Bring your algorithms
into the image path

Explore the public Holoscan tool-tracking and segmentation examples today. These software building blocks provide a starting point while the complete endoscopy reference design is in NDA early access.

A starting point you can extend

The planned Apache 2.0 open-source release will let you replace processing stages, add your models, and adapt acquisition and output to your hardware. Explore the SDK and reusable operators as you plan your imaging system.